2013-04-06 – 2013-05-31
free103point9 Wave Farm
free103point9 welcomes Laura Hadden and Tennessee Watson to Wave Farm this spring as the 2013 season’s first Artists-in-Residence. The two were selected from a competitive international field of candidates for a two-month residency at Wave Farm in Acra. This residency marks an exciting partnership between free103point9 and The Association of Independents in Radio (AIR)’s Live Interactive program, encouraging experimentation with place-based media and the transmission spectrum in new ways.
Hadden and Watson’s project Wage/Working addresses the issues of income inequality and the concept of wage through a time-based transmission installation and a radio broadcast series on free103point9’s WGXC 90.7-FM. During their time in Greene County, these two accomplished radio producers and artists will be collecting stories and interviews with workers in Greene and Columbia counties regarding their jobs and their relationship to their work.
The stories will be edited to a length, which corresponds with the amount of time it takes each individual to earn $1, creating an inverse relationship between monetary value and time. Those who earn the least are given the most time to speak and the actual value of time can be experienced and internalized by those experiencing the installation, drawing attention to the contrast between the workers at the both ends of the range and profiling workers across the spectrum.
“We are deeply inspired by American author, historian, actor, and broadcaster Studs Terkel and imagine this project in many ways to be a modern, transmission-based adaptation of his efforts to bring the experiences of workers in conversation with one another. The content of our project draws from the oral history tradition that Terkel popularized, while simultaneously utilizing and problematizing the data-driven journalism that is popular today,” says Hadden and Watson.
Visit Laura and Tennessee's Wage Working blog at wageworking.com.
LOCAL STORIES AND PARTICIPANTS WANTED!
HADDEN AND WATSON ARE ACTIVELY SEEKING PARTICIPANTS TO BE INTERVIEWED FOR THEIR PROJECT WAGE/WORKING PROFILING THE DIVERSITY OF WORKERS IN THE GREENE AND COLUMBIA COUNTIES COMMUNITY. IF YOU WOULD LIKE TO BE INCLUDED PLEASE CONTACT LAURA AND TENNESSEE AT WAGEWORKING@GMAIL.COM OR (518) 314-9675 (THAT’S 518-314-WORK).
About Laura Hadden and Tennessee Watson:
Hadden and Watson were cited in 2011 by the International Documentary Challenge in the Best Film and Best Directing categories for a previous joint project, Matthew 24:14. The collaborators have a diverse history working in documentary film and radio.
Laura Hadden is an independent media producer who spent the last three years producing projects for the storytelling organization The Moth in New York City. Before that, she facilitated workshops at The Center for Digital Storytelling and was an apprentice and community media producer at KPFA in Berkeley, CA.
Tennessee Watson is a multimedia producer based in Brooklyn, NY. Prior to moving to NY, she spent four years at the Center for Documentary Studies at Duke University producing documentaries, instructing courses and coordinating Youth Noise Network, a radio project for teens in Durham, North Carolina.
About The Association of Independents in Radio (AIR):
Boston-based AIR (www.AIRmedia.org) is a vibrant, tightly networked association of more than 900 journalists, documentarians, technicians, media entrepreneurs, and sound artists working at the front edge of public media reinvention. Its programs are designed to identify, cultivate, and deploy gifted talent for the benefit of citizens across the world.
AIR’s Live Interactive Residency Program is made possible by the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA), which believes that a great nation deserves great art.
2013-05-24 12:00am – 12:05am
free103point9 Online Radio
WGXC 90.7-FM: Hands-on Radio
From Free Speech Radio News: "Today, President Barack Obama outlined his positions on the legality of 9radio-controlled) drone strikes and targeted killing, his Administration’s aggressive prosecution of some whistleblowers and reporters, and new efforts to close the prison at Guantanamo Bay. His remarks came in a major speech that addressed his foreign policy and national security decisions at Washington DC’s National Defense University. The speech comes one day after the Administration admitted in a letter to Congress that it has killed four US citizens since the President took office in 2009, though only one—Anwar al Awlaki—was “specifically targeted.” On Capitol Hill, FSRN’s Alice Ollstein has more."
2013-05-24 12:05am – 1:00am
free103point9 Online Radio
WGXC 90.7-FM: Hands-on Radio
Tracks from the Atlanta-via-Brooklyn free jazz band.
2013-05-24 1:00am – 5:00am
free103point9 Online Radio
WGXC 90.7-FM: Hands-on Radio
Live tracks with New York City free jazz players, in very ensembles, recorded for radio broadcasts for free103point9 between 1997 and 2004.
2013-05-25 12:00am – 12:05am
free103point9 Online Radio
WGXC 90.7-FM: Hands-on Radio
Radio and media headlines.
2013-05-25 12:05am – 4:00am
free103point9 Online Radio
WGXC 90.7-FM: Hands-on Radio
During World War II, a "Ghost Army" created fake radio broadcasts, and played sound effects and used theatre prop tanks to fool the Germans. Now, every U.S. invasion includes immediately setting up pirate radio stations. The military also develops sound weapons for use on the battlefield, and currently uses radio-controlled drones to kill targets around the world. This show looks at military applications of sound and radio, from U.S. Air Force films, military critics, sound artists, and others.
2013-05-25 4:00am – 5:00am
free103point9 Online Radio
WGXC 90.7-FM: Hands-on Radio
IRS Scandal, Drones, Being Gay in Pro-Sports, and a Conversation with Julian Assange. From Pacifica Radio.
2013-05-25 5:00am – 7:00am
free103point9 Online Radio
WGXC 90.7-FM: Hands-on Radio
Two hours of shortwave radio-oriented programming, starting with solar weather, news on meteor showers and ham radio, and other reports. Other reports include:
5:15 a.m.: "
The RAIN Report This week: "In memory of the late Joe Schroeder, W9JUV, here is an interview with Joe conducted by Bill Pasternak in 2007."
5:30 a.m., "
The Shortwave Report" with host Dan Roberts and international news via shortwave radio. This week's show features stories from Radio Deutsche-Welle, the Voice of Russia, Radio Havana Cuba, Spanish National Radio, and NHK World Radio Japan.
6 a.m.: "
Glenn Hauser's World of Radio"
6:30 a.m.: "
Amateur Radio Newsline" This week: "Ham radio joins other services in responding to tornadoes in the Great Plains; Israeli hams get limited access to 5 MHz, a distracted driving law that exempts ham radio is signed by Hawaii's governor; a major DXpedition to Heard Island is delayed and an in-depth look at Hamvention 2013."
2013-05-25 7:00am – 8:00am
free103point9 Online Radio
WGXC 90.7-FM: Hands-on Radio
Listen to Franklin Delano Roosevelt declare war on Japan after Pearl Harbor, Dwight Eisenhower warn of the "military-industrial complex," and a bit of George W. Bush's "Mission Accomplished" speech, and more on a Memorial Day edition of "Saturday Morning Serial." With John Kennedy's speech about the Cuban Missile Crisis, and Lyndon Johnson on Vietnam, and Richard Nixon on Cambodia. Also included are Ghandi's "Soldier of Peace" speech, and Albert Einstein speaking about nuclear weapons after WWII. And there's music including, "When Johnny Comes Marching Home" by Matthew Shipp with William Parker, "Over There" by George M. Cohan, "Der Fuerher's Face" by Spike Jones, "The Ballad of the Green Berets" by Sgt. Barry Sadler, and "Born in the U.S.A." by Bruce Springsteen.
2013-05-25 8:00am – 10:00am
free103point9 Online Radio
WGXC 90.7-FM: Hands-on Radio
"Please Assist Us With Transmission." Anyone can contribute to the show in many ways on "Open Air." This is a live transmission art show about local transmissions from the Catskill Community Center. You make up the show with stories, phone calls, messages, requests, further information, and more. Please help be a part of the show. Stop by the Catskill Community Center in person. Call in at 518-291-WGXC. Tweet requests @WGXC. Skype calls at WGXCfm. Talk on Channel 6 on CB radio, we are tuning in. Features include solar weather, shortwave news, and more. Call 518-219-WGXC or Skype calls at WGXCfm to talk on the air.
For Memorial Day, Jill Sutton and Harry Matthews host.
2013-05-25 10:00am – 10:30am
free103point9 Online Radio
WGXC 90.7-FM: Hands-on Radio
From Radio Helsinki, "SAKRA!2013," found itself on an acoustic search at St. Andrä Church in Graz/Austria on 1/3/13. The installative composition by Marufura Fufunjiru, Johannes Raggam, Christian F. Schiller, and Nikos Zachariadis was sent via numerous FM transmitters to different radios spread across the church, which led to individual tonal responses. An abstract and concentrated examination of the subject luck/bad luck.
http://in-dust.org/SAKRA!2013.html
2013-05-25 11:00am – 12:00pm
free103point9 Online Radio
WGXC 90.7-FM: Hands-on Radio
This edition, titled "raadio mälu", has been produced in Estonia by your regular host, Patrick McGinley. For more information see http://www.murmerings.com.
2013-05-25 12:00pm – 12:20pm
free103point9 Online Radio
WGXC 90.7-FM: Hands-on Radio
Artist Marina Abramović, with Siena Oristaglio, discusses plans for the
Marina Abramović Institute (MAI). Interview by Ellen Thurston and Victor Mendolia, from "WGXC Afternoon Show," Thu., May 23, 2013.
2013-05-25 12:20pm – 2:00pm
free103point9 Online Radio
WGXC 90.7-FM: Hands-on Radio
Weekly experimental new music show, by folks formerly behind
Staalplaat. Vital Weekly 883 and 882. Click on title for track listings. Shows include Saburo Ubukata, Ohanami, Mahler Haze, Raymond Dijkstra, and others.
2013-05-25 2:00pm – 3:00pm
free103point9 Online Radio
WGXC 90.7-FM: Hands-on Radio
Sketchpad is an ongoing monthly radio program produced for free103point9. free103point9 is a nonprofit arts organization based in New York State that defines and cultivates the genre of Transmission Art by promoting artists who make work with, for, and about the electromagnetic spectrum.
The Sketchpad program features a re-broadcast of previous Radius episodes. Each episode is followed by a playlist of works selected by that episode’s artist. The series seeks to highlight the peripheral work that influences the research and production of the episode. This month: J. Soliday.
2013-05-25 4:00pm – 6:00pm
free103point9 Online Radio
WGXC 90.7-FM: Hands-on Radio
Laura Hadden and Tennessee Watson are at Wave Farm this spring as the 2013 season’s first Artists-in-Residence. Hadden and Watson’s project Wage/Working addresses the issues of income inequality and the concept of wage through a time-based transmission installation and a radio broadcast series on free103point9’s WGXC 90.7-FM. During their time in Greene County, these two accomplished radio producers and artists will be collecting stories and interviews with workers in Greene and Columbia counties regarding their jobs and their relationship to their work. This full two-hour show features many interviews with local residents about their jobs, wages, and labor.
2013-05-25 6:00pm – 7:00pm
free103point9 Online Radio
WGXC 90.7-FM: Hands-on Radio
There is no edition of "PiratesWeek" for Memorial Day. Instead, after the Weekly Presidential Radio Address, President Obama speaks on Counterterrorism and U.S. Foreign Policy, and radio-controlled drones. Pres. Obama speaks at the National Defense University on the Administration's counter terrorism policy. In his speech, he discusses broad counter-terrorism efforts, including U.S. military, diplomatic, intelligence and legal efforts. From Thu., May 23, 2013.
2013-05-25 7:00pm – 8:00pm
free103point9 Online Radio
WGXC 90.7-FM: Hands-on Radio
Paul Fischer hosts weekly news mash-up show with music and soundbites. This week: "Two former heads of the IRS take the route of least disclosure in testifying before a Senate panel...At another Senate hearing, Treasury Secretary Lew takes exception to having his and President Obama's "outrage" characterized as "laughable...the head of the IRS tax exemption department denies doing anything wrong and takes the Fifth Amendment..The White House says President Obama was kept out of the loop to avoid any appearance of coverup...and finally, at least one Senator wonders aloud why the IRS grants tax exemptions at all to groups that secretly spend hundreds of millions dollars in partisan, political pursuits." Via Pacifica Radio.
2013-05-25 8:00pm – 11:00pm
free103point9 Online Radio
The Spotty Dog Books & Ale
WGXC 90.7-FM: Hands-on Radio
Spotty Dog Books & Ale WGXC webstream
2013-05-26 5:30am – 6:00am
free103point9 Online Radio
WGXC 90.7-FM: Hands-on Radio
This is the 20th year of Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting's media analysis radio show, hosted by Janine Jackson, Steve Rendall, and Peter Hart. This week: "Tia Lessin on 'Citizen Koch,' Karuna Jagger on breast cancer."
2013-05-26 7:00pm – 2013-05-27 3:00am
free103point9 Online Radio
The Spotty Dog Books & Ale
WGXC 90.7-FM: Hands-on Radio
Spotty Dog Books & Ale WGXC webstream
2013-05-28 12:05am – 1:00am
free103point9 Online Radio
WGXC 90.7-FM: Hands-on Radio
Audio/radio mix that anyone can call in and talk over. Call Skype free103point9 or 518-622-2598 to talk over the audio collage. Tom Roe hosts live from Acra.
2013-05-28 10:00am – 7:00pm
Cairo Public Library
Installation: 10 a.m. - 5 p.m., Celebration/Reception: 5 p.m. - 7 p.m.
Take a break and join us for the unveiling of the Wage/Working project's jukebox-based installation, featuring stories and sounds from the working lives of residents of Greene and Columbia counties. Community members are also invited to bring their own CDs of locally produced sounds to trade for a CD that was in the original jukebox. The CDs can include any audio (music, interviews, etc.) as long as it originated in Greene or Columbia county, and will be considered for inclusion in the Wage/Working jukebox, which will be located for the next six months in the Cairo Public Library's Teen Room.
Wage/Working addresses the issues of income inequality and the concept of wage through a time-based transmission installation and radio broadcast series. During their two-month residency Hadden and Watson collected stories and interviews with workers in the Greene and Columbia counties community regarding their jobs and their relationship to their work. These stories were edited to a length, corresponding with the amount of time it takes each interviewee to earn $1, creating an inverse relationship between monetary value and time.
The Wage/Working project was created by Tennessee Watson & Laura Hadden as a part of an AIR Live Interactive Residency at free103point9 Wave Farm, and WGXC 90.7-FM in Acra, NY. Financial support was provided, in part, by the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA), which believes that a great nation deserves great art.
2013-05-31 8:00pm – 2013-06-01 2:00am
free103point9 Online Radio
The Spotty Dog Books & Ale
WGXC 90.7-FM: Hands-on Radio
Spotty Dog Books & Ale WGXC webstream
2013-06-01 11:00am – 12:00pm
free103point9 Online Radio
WGXC 90.7-FM: Hands-on Radio
This regular edition features the work of Christopher McFall, Luigi Turra, Matt Davies, Terja Paulsen and Lior Pinsky. Also sound from the Aporee Soundmaps by David Prior, Josh Ottum, John Grzinich, and Tsan-Chang Wu, and a framework introduction recorded by Pedro Bericat.
2013-06-02 8:00pm – 2013-06-03 2:00am
free103point9 Online Radio
The Spotty Dog Books & Ale
WGXC 90.7-FM: Hands-on Radio
Spotty Dog Books & Ale WGXC webstream
Live webstream for this, and most, shows at
Spotty Dog Books & Ale available from free103point9 and WGXC at
http://comm.free103point9.org:8000/spottydog.mp3.m3u. This show will be rebroadcast on
free103point9 Online Radio and WGXC 90.7-FM at midnight (the night of the show), Mon., June 3, 2013.
Guitarist
Chris Forsyth's compositions assimilate art rock texture with folk, blues, and experimental influences. He has also collaborated with artists including Meg Baird, Tetuzi Akiyama, Mike Pride, Nate Wooley, and choreographers Miguel Gutierrez, RoseAnne Spradlin, and Meg Foley. Forsyth was awarded a 2011 Pew Fellowship in the Arts and resides in the City of Philadelphia, USA.
Alexander Turnquist is a guitarist/composer who uses his 12-string acoustic finger-style approach, based in Hudson, NY.
2013-06-08 7:00am – 8:00am
free103point9 Online Radio
WGXC 90.7-FM: Hands-on Radio
Sonar, and whale communication is discussed. Whales operate a utopian radio system, according to radio artist Anna Friz, and Ahab was the first shock jock according to radio artist Gregory Whitehead. We also tune in the loneliest whale in the world, who hears sounds at 52 Hz, while other blue whales sing around 15-20 Hz. And we listen to other "Moby Dick" stories, and hear from "Pistol Shrimp." Contributions from Friz, Joshua Fried, ELO, Laurie Anderson, and others.
2013-06-09 – 2013-06-22
Poff and Aldrich will pursue emergent phenomenon in the Wave Farm’s hidden soundscape, translating atmospheric radio, underwater sound, and tiny natural vibrations into outdoor sculptures that encourage listeners to consider the unexpected results of our relationships with each other and our environment. Their project, Wave Farm Translations, will include three phases: Research, Production, and Sharing, which will include a WGXC 90.7-FM interview/playlist, a sensor-building workshop, and complete online documentation.
2013-06-15 11:00am – 3:00pm
free103point9 Wave Farm Study Center
Join Wave Farm Artists-in-Residence Zach Poff and N.B.Aldrich for a sensor-building workshop where participants make inexpensive hydrophones, contact mics, and similar small "sensors," to plug into attendee's own portable recorders or smartphones. Contact microphones record sound from contact, and hydrophones pick up sound under water. Contact mics and hydrophones will also be made at this workshop to be permantely installed on the Wave Farm Study Center building, and in the stream in front of the building, to be "played" live on WGXC anytime in the future. This workshop is limited to 10 participants, (ages 12 and up) and pre-registration is required. A workshop fee of $20 covers electronic supplies, and lunch. Email Galen Joseph-Hunter (gjh@free103point9.org) to secure your spot.
2013-06-15 4:00pm – 6:00pm
free103point9 Online Radio
WGXC 90.7-FM: Hands-on Radio
Tune in to hear Wave Farm Artists-in-residence Zach Poff and N.B.Aldrich speak with Tom Roe about their work, as well as a special playlist created by Poff and Aldrich focusing on sounds beyond the limits of perception including: David Dunn's insect recordings, the micro improvisations of Jeph Jerman and Greg Davis, the raw contact-mic verite of Toshiya Tsunoda, and electromagnetic recordings from Alvin Lucier & Christina Kubisch.
2013-06-18 8:00pm – 11:59pm
John Doe Book's and Records
free103point9 Online Radio
WGXC 90.7-FM: Hands-on Radio
Diane Cluck will be accompanied by cellist Isabel Castellvi.
Rebecca Martin, from Kingston, opens. Live broadcast begins shortly after 8 p.m. on free103point9 Online Radio and goes live on WGXC 90.7-FM at 9:30 p.m. in the "Battlefield Earth" timeslot.
2013-06-20 8:00pm – 2013-06-21 2:00am
free103point9 Online Radio
The Spotty Dog Books & Ale
WGXC 90.7-FM: Hands-on Radio
Spotty Dog Books & Ale WGXC webstream
2013-06-24 – 2013-06-30
Song for Søren Larsen will take advantage of various aspects of radio and other broadcast media to create a generative audio space enabled by the contributions and commingling of the electromagnetic broadcast spectrum with the bodies of the performers. A network of three recursive audio feedback sub-systems will be used to construct the performance. These systems include short wave loop antenna hardware, low power AM transmission, and the unique opportunity afforded by the Wave Farm residency, access to the full-power signal of WGXC 90.7-FM.
2013-06-29 4:00pm – 6:00pm
free103point9 Online Radio
WGXC 90.7-FM: Hands-on Radio
Tune in to hear Wave Farm Artists-in-residence Redux (Mark Cetilia and Joe Cantrell) speak with Tom Roe about their work, as well as a live performance of their residency project, and special playlist of influential works.
2013-06-29 8:00pm – 11:00pm
free103point9 Online Radio
The Spotty Dog Books & Ale
WGXC 90.7-FM: Hands-on Radio
Spotty Dog Books & Ale WGXC webstream
Live webstream for this, and most, shows at
Spotty Dog Books & Ale available from free103point9 and WGXC at
http://comm.free103point9.org:8000/spottydog.mp3.m3u. This show will be broadcast live on
free103point9 Online Radio and WGXC 90.7-FM.
Doug Van Nort is an experimental musician whose work is dedicated to the creation of immersive and visceral sonic experiences, and to personal and collective creative expression through composition, free improvisation and generally electro-acoustic means of production. His instruments are custom-built systems that draw on concepts ranging from spectral re-synthesis to evolutionary processes and machine listening algorithms, while his source materials include any and all sounds discovered through attentive listening to the world.
If, Bwana was born on New Year’s Eve 1984, making music that has swung between fairly spontaneous studio constructions and more process-oriented composition.
Rambutan is the solo project of Albany NY’s Eric Hardiman, a founding member of the Albany Sonic Arts Collective who runs the Tape Drift label (www.tapedrift.com).
2013-07-02 – 2013-07-14
During his residency at Wave Farm, House will invoke the spirit of a town striking clock for the electroacoustic community created by the WGXC transmission. At regular intervals, a short musical piece will be broadcast. However, this piece will not simply count off the hours like a striking clock — rather, it will be the sonified data of online and physical phenomena within the geographic broadcast area. Data will be gathered from many sources: online content platform APIs such as Twitter, Flickr, etc, filtered geographically; macro environmental measurements including weather and astronomical phenomena; and local sensor systems placed on the grounds of Wave Farm measuring ambient acoustics, motion, electromagnetic qualities, and other conditions.
2013-07-13 4:00pm – 6:00pm
free103point9 Online Radio
free103point9 Wave Farm Study Center
2013-07-17 – 2013-07-30
THE DARK SPECTRUM follows a series of electromagnetic (EM) spectrum mapping, interception and transmission performance structures, which the SPEKTR collective started exploring in 2004. Their new work in this series will focus on processes of encoding/decoding of the EM spectrum and natural/man made signals. SPEKTR will collectively spend time with a standard suite of tools: HF, VHF, UHF and L-band Receivers and Transmitters software defined radios, home-brew VLF receivers, and ELF probes complimented by software toolkits (COTS and custom coded) to decode, encode and visualize digital signals. Combined with image and audio recording devices and manipulation strategies, the collective will work together to develop new ideas and segments for a new performance focusing on the digital and encoded/encrypted signals domains.
2013-08-01 – 2013-08-13
Buerhaus will temporarily install multiple spring reverb sculptures on the Wave Farm Property. These sculptures will serve to amplify the two types of sound: Natural Sounds and Human Sound. Natural Sound will be sourced from the property, and will include natural weather systems, physical features of the land, and animal activity. Human Sound will be drawn from spoken texts, which will be informed by transmission and media art resource materials available in the Wave Farm Study Center Library.
2013-08-16 – 2013-08-28
Drone Home is a community action, radio broadcast and robot performance that provides a critique of the use of unmanned drones in warfare and surveillance. It offers an alternative to the centralized, unilateral decision-making paradigm currently employed in drone operation by engaging the communities served by WGXC 90.7-FM in the collaborative control of a small-scale, unmanned aerial vehicle. Radio listeners will make drawings on a web-based map of free103point9′s Wave Farm, which will serve as a flight path for the drone. The drawing coordinates will then be transmitted to the drone using packet radio from the station, and a ground crew will take long-exposure photographs of the flight to capture this path as a light painting. The sum of these actions will stand as an example of using a possibly disruptive and invasive technology for the purposes of community involvement and creative output.
2013-09-09 – 2013-09-22
During her residency Contant will further develop a performance for radio based on research about transmission during The Weimar Republic. This research was compiled in her Master’s thesis, which received The Distinguished Thesis Award from The New School’s Media Studies Department in 2012. Over 90 pages of historical, technical, and theoretical writing addresses a lacuna in media scholarship about the importance of this radio epoch. However, in its academic form, Contant realizes that her research remains limited to a small, rather specific community. A public performance and archival documentation of her proposed performance, makes Contant’s research accessible to a wider public audience.
2013-09-30 – 2013-10-03
Sebren is a multidisciplinary artist who began his career in the East Village New York arts scene in the 1980s. A prolific maker, Sebren’s visual works take form in installation, collage, painting, photography, video, and public works. His sound-based works have ties to noise and no-genre music (Menlo Park Recordings). More recently Sebren has delved deeply into the medium of radio. At Wave Farm, Sebren will engage in a research project culminating in a un-documentary about the history of radio and of transmission artists.
2013-10-07 – 2013-10-18
The Tip Of The Crest Of The Bridge consists of sixteen artist-built low-power FM transmitters. Each transmitter broadcasts a small segment of audio on loop. Together, these audio segments create an overarching sound collage and narrative story constructed from the seventy community radio stations visited by Simons in 2009 and 2010 while living in Sierra Leone, The Gambia, Argentina, Ecuador and the Canadian Arctic.
